Detecting the "state" of the battery and regulating the current feeding to it is the best "conditioning" - in other words only sending a charge to the battery if it needs it. Detection of battery state is probably (I'm guessing here) done by the charger/conditioner detecting it's voltage and then sending it a charge as necessary.
Old style/cheapo chargers just sent X amps to the battery regardless of whether it needed it or not, which ends up over-charging it and causing heat + reactions in the battery which shorten it's life. If you badly overcharge a battery it can even blow the caps off and create a hydrogen build up (if it's lead acid).
Car batteries are "shallow cycle" (but high current delivery) designs, so you really want to minimise any drain they have and keep their voltage topped up at all time. For this reason a battery conditioner permanently on the battery (partcularily over winter) can extend it's life considerably. I have my VX permanently plugged in and consequently the car is still only on it's second battery (after 14 years).
HTH.
Edited by Nev, 01 April 2017 - 03:02 PM.